Afghanistan’s peace process contains proposals and talks aimed at ending the ongoing war in Afghanistan. Despite occasional efforts since the war in 2001, talks with the peace movement intensified in 2018 between talks between the Taliban. An opposition group that is attacking the Afghan government and the US military and the United States where thousands of troops remain inside the country to support the Afghan government. Outside of the United States, regional powers such as India, China and Russia, as well as NATO play a role in facilitating the peace process.
As part of the peace process, two peace agreements have been signed so far. On September 22, 2016, the first agreement was signed between the Afghan government and the Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin militant group. A second peace agreement was signed between the United States and the Taliban on February 29, 2020, which called for the withdrawal of American troops from Afghanistan for 14 months if the Taliban adhered to the terms of the agreement.
After an agreement between the U.S. With the Taliban, there was an outbreak of attacks by security forces in Afghanistan. Peace talks between officials from the Afghan government and the Taliban began in September 2020 in Doha, Qatar, but there has been an increase in deaths in Afghanistan since then. In November 2020, the number of civilian casualties was the highest in any year in that month since the United Nations began systematically recording Afghan civilian casualties in 2009.
Circumstances
The Taliban, calling themselves the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. He is a terrorist organization operating in Afghanistan, a country in Central / South Asia. The Taliban emerged in 1994, seizing the opportunity to be stripped of what was left of them following the Afghan Civil War. The group consisted of Afghan religious students who studied in Afghan madrassas and Pakistani madrassas during their time as refugees (and former fighters in the Soviet-Afghan War) under the leadership of Mohammed Omar.
Al-Qaeda, an international terrorist network, was granted asylum in Afghanistan on the condition that it did not oppose the United States, but Osama bin Laden repeated the agreement in 1998 when he bombed US embassies in East Africa. This episode was a reflection of the differences that have arisen between the two groups. The Taliban were in a similar situation when Al-Qaeda targeted international jihad.
Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, the U.S. Under President George W. Bush they appealed to the Taliban leadership to hand over Osama bin Laden, a key figure in the attack. The Taliban have refused to hand over Bin Laden, seeking evidence that he was involved in the attack. As a result, the US, along with its NATO allies, launched an attack on the United States in Afghanistan, dubbed Operation Enduring Freedom, on October 7, 2001. On December 17 of that year, the US and its allies had expelled the Taliban from power and began building military bases near major cities across the country. The International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) was later created by the United Nations Security Council to train Afghan National Security Forces to direct military operations in the country to prevent any Taliban insurgency. The Taliban have launched numerous offensive attacks on Afghan forces, government agencies, and any organization they believe is allied with the US.
The US has been in the world and has been directly involved in the war for 18 years, with analysts describing the situation as a pawn. Although al-Qaeda in Afghanistan and Pakistan is now considered “reduced”, the war with Taliban insurgents continues. Ending the 18-year conflict has eluded former US presidents, and Donald Trump has said he considers the war to be costly. Similarities with the process of ending the Vietnam War – the longest American war before 2010 – have been noted, leading to the 1973 Paris Agreement.
Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Deal
Gulbuddin Hekmatyar is an Afghan politician and former Mujahideen Leader. He is the founder and current leader of the political party Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin named after Muhammad Yunus Khalis who broke away from Hezbis Islami in 1979 to get Hezb-i-Islami Khalis. He twice served as Prime Minister of Afghanistan during the 1990’s.
Hekmaytar joined the Islamic Youth Association as a student in the early 1970s after Ayub Khan, where he was known for his anti-Islamic ideas that were rejected by the group’s Islamic group. He spent time in Pakistan under the search of the Daoud Regime, before returning to Afghanistan when the Soviet-Afghan war broke out in 1979, at which point he and his organization Hezb-e Islami began to resist Soviet attacks. [5] Recognizing his progress in the warring movement, the US and the Saudis extended their support to Hizb-e Islami in the mid-1980s. Because of his military prowess and the vast resistance base he held, he received more international support than any other mujahideen leader during the Soviet-Afghan War.
After the ousting of Soviet-backed Afghan President Mohammad Najibullah in 1992, Hekmatyar was initially inclined to become part of the Interim government. However, due to the involvement of many international powers (US, UK, and France in particular) in the negotiations within Afghanistan and strong disagreements between various Mujahideen factions over many Government Post Offices and power sharing in the interim Government, Hekmatyar temporarily resigned Government from him, organizations The international community (suspected of the CIA, MI6 and ISI) was preparing for an improper system of power-sharing in Government. Also, that negotiations were a delay strategy that allowed Massoud and his allies to move to Kabul and take over the city. Hekmatyar then joined Afghanistan’s civil war in the hope of capturing Kabul before Massoud. The civil war led to the death of about 50,000 people in Kabul alone. Hekmatyar was accused in the west of having played a key role in the city’s rocket attack, although Shia Militias, Doustum and Massoud forces were already actively fighting the city, before Hekmatyar entered the war. Meanwhile, as part of Hekmatyar and Burhanuddin Rabbani’s peace-sharing efforts, Hekmatyar became Prime Minister of Afghanistan from 1993 to 1994 and briefly in 1996, before the Taliban took over Kabul and forced him to leave Afghanistan for the capital. of Iran Tehran.
Deal 2017-2020
U.S. President Donald Trump has accused Pakistan of keeping the Taliban and undermining terrorists, first in August 2017 and then repeating the allegations in January 2018.
On February 27, 2018, following an escalation of violence, Afghan President Ashraf Ghani held unconditional peace talks with the Taliban, granting them recognition as a legitimate political party and the release of Taliban prisoners. This offer has been excellent for the Taliban since the start of the war. It was preceded by months of national agreement, which found that the Afghan people surprisingly supported the end of the negotiated war. Two days earlier, the Taliban had called for talks with the US, saying “Now it must be established by the United States and its allies that the Afghanistan issue cannot be resolved by the military. On March 27, 2018, a 20-nation summit in Tashkent, Uzbekistan supported the Afghan government’s commitment to peace in the Taliban. However, the Taliban did not respond publicly to Ghani’s offer.
A growing peace outbreak erupted in Afghanistan in 2018, mainly following a peace march the Afghan media called the “Helmand Peace Convoy”. A peace march was in response to a car bomb blast on March 23 in Lashkar Gah that killed 14 people. The marchers marched a few hundred kilometers from Lashkar Gah in Helmand province, through the Taliban-occupied area to Kabul. There they met Ghani and held protests outside the United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan and nearby ambassadors. Their efforts have encouraged continued movement in other parts of Afghanistan.
After the march, Gani and the Taliban agreed to stop fighting during the Eid al-Fitr celebrations in June 2018. During the Eid ban, Taliban members flocked to Kabul where they met and interacted with local people and state politicians. Although residents demanded an end to the fire, the Taliban refused to extend the strike and resumed fighting after the fire broke out on June 18, when the suspension of the Afghan government ended the following week.
U.S. officials secretly met with Taliban members in July 2018, at a political office in Qatar. In September 2018, Trump appointed Zalmay Khalilzad as special advisor to Afghanistan in the US Department of State, with the aim of facilitating the process of political peace within Afghanistan. Khalilzad led further talks between the United States and the Taliban in Qatar in October 2018. Russia hosted a separate peace talks in November 2018 between Taliban and officials from the Afghan Peace Council. Negotiations in Qatar resumed in December 2018, although the Taliban refused to allow the Afghan government to be invited, [80] considering them as the US puppet government. Taliban speaking to Afghans including former President Hamid Karzai, held at a hotel in Moscow in February 2019, but also these talks do not involve the Afghan government.
Other talks in Qatar were held in February 2019, this time including Baradar in the Taliban – he was released by Pakistan in October 2018 at the request of the United States. Khalilzad reported that this round of talks was “more productive than ever” and that an agreement had been reached on a peace agreement. The agreement involved the withdrawal of US and foreign troops from Afghanistan and the Taliban that would not allow other jihadist groups to operate within the country. The Taliban have also announced that progress is being made in negotiations.
US Taliban Deal 2020
On February 29, 2020, the United States and the Taliban signed a peace agreement in Doha, Qatar, officially known as the Peace Agreement in Afghanistan. The provisions of this agreement include the withdrawal of all US and NATO forces from Afghanistan, the Taliban pledge to prevent al-Qaeda from operating in the Taliban-occupied territories, and negotiations between the Taliban and the Afghan government. The United States has approved an initial reduction of its powers from 13,000 to 8,600 in July 2020, following a full withdrawal of 14 months if the Taliban retains its obligations. The United States has also pledged to close five military bases in 135 days and announced its intention to lift economic sanctions on the Taliban on August 27, 2020.
The agreement was supported by China, Russia and Pakistan, although it did not involve the Afghan government. Negotiations between Afghanistan are scheduled to begin on March 10, 2020 in Oslo, Norway. The composition of the Afghan government negotiating team is still unclear, as the results of Afghanistan’s 2019 presidential election are contested. The agreement requires the Afghan government to release 5,000 Taliban prisoners at the beginning of the negotiations, in order to replace prisoners with 1,000 Taliban-led government troops. The Afghan government was not a party to the agreement, and on March 1 Ghana said he would refuse to exchange prisoners: “The Afghan government is not committed to freeing 5,000 Taliban prisoners. The release of prisoners is not a US mandate, but is the authority of the Afghan government. “Ghana also said that any exchange of prisoners” could not be a necessary part of the negotiations, “but should be part of the negotiations. On March 2, a Taliban spokesman said they were “fully prepared” for the internal talks in Afghanistan, but there would be no talks if the release of about 5,000 prisoners was released. He also said the agreed time to reduce violence had passed and that anti-government forces Afghanistan could restart.
Withdrawl of US Army has begun from Afghanistan
President Biden will withdraw all U.S. troops from Afghanistan in the coming months, U.S. officials said, ending the military withdrawal on September 20, 2001, an attack that dragged the United States into its longest war.
The decision, which Biden is expected to announce on Wednesday, will keep thousands of U.S. forces in the country in the past May 1 period set by Trump officials last year in talks with the Taliban, according to a senior news official on Tuesday under anonymity rules set by the White House.
While the Taliban have promised to intensify attacks on American and NATO personnel if foreign troops are absent on a given date – and in a statement say they will not continue to participate in “any conference” on the future of Afghanistan until all “foreign troops” are out. – It is unclear whether the military will follow the previous threats given to Biden’s phased withdrawal plan between now and September. The Taliban have held talks with the Afghan government, starting under the Trump agreement, since the last fall. It was also invited
more high-profile dialogue among Afghans in Turkey over the course of the month.
Current Events:
The Great Taliban Takeover of War Ravaged Country- Afghanistan
